ECCJ Japan Energy Conservation Handbook 2001 4.4 Guidelines of buildings for rationalization of energy use

4.4 Guidelines of buildings for rationalization of energy use

(based on Article 14 of "Energy Conservation Law")

a. Hotels, hospitals or clinics, commodity merchandising stores, business offices,
schools and restaurants

Owners of five kinds of buildings as above shall make values obtained on the basis of the following concepts lower than the standard ones shown in the attached table for each of the following measures:
1) Prevention of heat loss through external walls, windows, etc. of a building;
2) Efficient use of energy concerning airconditioners;
3) Ensuring efficient use of energy concerning mechanical ventilating equipment
except airconditioners;
4) Efficient use of energy concerning lighting facilities;
5) Efficient use of energy concerning hot water supply systems;
6) Efficient use of energy concerning elevators.

The equation for finding the standard value are as follows.
1) Prevention of heat loss through external walls, windows, etc. of a building;

Thermal load of the ambient indoor space (MJ/year)

Total floor area of the ambient indoor space (m²)

->[(Virtual load)/(Area)](PAL)

* Thermal load of the ambient indoor space:
Heat lost through external walls, windows, etc. for a year; total of heating and cooling load generated by heat generated in the ambient indoor space.
The quantity of open air taken in is presumed to be a constant calculated on the basis of the area, etc.

2) Efficient use of energy concerning airconditioners;

Quantity of energy consumed for airconditioning (MJ/year)

Virtual airconditioning load (MJ/year)

->[Actually consumed energy )/(Virtual load)](CEC/AC)

* Quantity of energy consumed for airconditioning:
Quantity of energy of a given air conditioner consumed to treat airconditioning load for a year
Virtual airconditioning load (Unit: Mcal/year):
The quantity of open air taken in is presumed to be a constant calculated on the basis of the area, etc. Decrease in load by using exhaust heat recovery is not taken into account.

3) Ensuring efficient use of energy concerning mechanical ventilating equipment except airconditioners;

Quantity of energy consumed for ventilating equipment (kJ/year)

Virtual quantity of energy consumed for ventilation (kJ/year)

->[(Actually consumed energy)/( Virtually consumed energy )](CEC/V)

* Virtual quantity of energy consumed for ventilation:
Quantity of energy necessary for covering the design quantity of ventilation on the presumption that standard values are set for the efficiency, total pressure loss, etc. of a tan and that there is no control made.

4) Efficient use of energy concerning lighting facilities;

Quantity of energy consumed for lighting (kJ/year)

Virtual quantity of energy consumed for lighting (kJ/year)

->[(Actually consumed energy)/(Virtually consumed energy )](CEC/L)

* Virtual quantity of energy consumed for lighting:
Quantity of energy consumed by lighting facilities on the presumption that standard values are set for the power of lighting facilities and that there is no control made.

5) Efficient use of energy concerning hot water supply systems;

Quantity of energy consumed for hot water supply (kJ/year)

Virtual hot water supply load (kJ/year)

->[(Actually consumed energy)/(Virtual load)](CEC/HW)

* Virtual hot water supply load:
Quantity of necessary for producing hot water of necessary temperature in necessary amounts at each hot water supplying place

Quantity of energy consumed for hot water supply:
Quantity of energy consumed by the whole hot water supply system including heat loss in pipes and hot water storage tanks, quantity of energy consumed by circulating pumps, etc.

6) Efficient use of energy concerning elevators;

Quantity of energy consumed by elevators (kJ/year)

Virtual quantity of energy consumed by an elevator (kJ/year)

->[(Actually consumed energy)/(Virtual consumed energy )](CEC/EV)

* Virtual quantity of energy consumed by an elevator:
Quantity of consumed by a given elevator on the presumption that a standard speed control method is adopted.

Attached table: Standard values of energy conservation for building

1	Hotels	Hospitals	Stores	Offices	Schools	Restaurant
1) PAL	420	340	380	300	320	550
2) CEC/AC	2.5	2.5	1.7	1.5	1.5	2.2
3) CEC/V	1	1	0.9	1	0.8	1.5
4) CEC/L	1	1	1	1	1	1
5) CEC/HW	1.5	1.7	1.7	-	-	-
6) CEC/EV	1	-	-	1	-	-

Note) In the case of 1), values obtained by multiplying the above values by the scale correction factor shall be standard ones.
(Scale correction factor: a factor for correcting standard values to relax controls of small scale buildings, etc.)

b. Residence

The owner of a residence (from a single house to an apartment house) shall make the following values in 1) or 2) lower than those mentioned in the following attached table.

Cooling and heating load

Total cooling and heating load in a year

Total floor area (m²)

Heat loss coefficient	=	Overall heat transfer of walls, floors, earth floors, ceilings, windows, etc.	+	0.35	X	The number of times of ventilation	X	Volume of the section
		Total floor area

and

Coefficient of solar radiation received

Total of solar radiation received on the walls and roofs

Total floor area

Attached table:

		Cooling and heat- ing load / year	Heat loss coefficient	Coefficient of solar radiation received
1st:	Hokkaido	390	1.6	0.08
2nd:	Aomori Pref., Iwate Pref., Akita Pref.	390	1.9	0.08
3rd:	Miyagi Pref., Gunma Pref., Toyama Pref., Shiga Pref., etc.	460	2.4	0.07
4th:	Tokyo Metropolis, Aichi Pref., Yamaguchi Pref., Kochi Pref., etc.	460	2.7	0.07
5th:	Miyazaki Pref., Kagoshima Pref.	350	2.7	0.07
6th:	Okinawa Pref.	290	3.7	0.06

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